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Bird flu, also known as “avian influenza,” is a virus that usually makes birds sick. However, the H5N1 bird flu can affect other animals, including people.
Why is H5N1 significant?
- Widespread. H5N1 is common in wild birds, which allows it to spread across the world. It has been found in Africa, Europe, Asia and the United States.
- Contagious. New types of animals are getting sick, such as farm animals and pets.
- Deadly. While few people have been infected, half of those who get the virus die.
How and when does H5N1 spread?
The virus spreads through raw (unpasteurized) milk and bodily fluids such as spit, mucus and poop.
The spread of H5N1 is higher during cold weather, so cases rise in October and peak in February. The lowest risk period is in September.
What are the symptoms of H5N1 infection in people?
- Fever
- Sore throat
- Cough
- Stuffy/runny nose
- Nausea/vomiting
- Fatigue
- Muscle aches
- Diarrhea
- Shortness of breath
- Pink eye
Who is at risk of getting bird flu?
- People who work with or own farm animals, especially birds.
- People who drink raw milk or eat raw dairy products.
- People who get sick easily because of other underlying health conditions. Getting both doses is nearly 100% effective. You won’t need a booster shot in the future once you’ve gotten the two doses
How can I prevent bird flu infection?
Do:
- Avoid sick or dead animals that may have bird flu.
- Keep your pets away from sick or dead animals.
- Wash your hands with soap and warm water before and after working with animals or preparing raw food.
- Wear personal protective equipment when working with animals:
- Gloves
- Face shields and/or face masks
- Aprons
- Hair net/cover
- Boots
- Safety googles
Do Not:
- Eat raw or undercooked food.
- Drink raw milk or other raw dairy products.
What do I do if I’ve been in contact with an infected animal?
- Report sick animals or unusual animal deaths to your state department of natural resources or the U.S. Department of Agriculture.
- Contact your state or local health department if you have had contact with a sick animal.
- Watch for symptoms for 10 days after contact with sick animal. Report any symptoms to your state or local health department.
Where can I get more information?
The following resources offer credible, science-based information on bird flu:
CDC bird flu resources: